
Te Rūnanga Nui o Ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa
Tomorrow’s Schools Taskforce:
Bali Haque, Chair, Barbara Ala’alatoa, Mere Berryman, John O’Neill, Cathy Wylie
7 September 2018
Tena koe e te rangatira e Bali.
Otira, koutou katoa o te komiti kua kopoungia e te Minita, hei mana e wānanga nui ana mō Ngā Kura o Āpōpō, i runga i nga maumaharatanga ki te tini o ngā mate kua whetūrangitia, kei te mihi ake ki a koutou me tēnei kaupapa nui whakaharahara kua waihotia mai hei pīkau mā tātou.
Please find attached the written submission of Te Rūnanga Nui o Ngā Kura Kaupapa
Maori. We trust that you will give due consideration to our entreaty and look forward to a favorable recommendation to the Minister.
Aroha nā
Cathy Dewes
Tumuaki
1 Executive Summary
1.1. TRN is the kaitiaki of Te Aho Matua. Te Aho Matua, the guiding principles of KKM was established in 1989 for the purpose of advising the Tomorrow’s Schools Picot Task Force. TRN is also the national collective of KKM (Aho Matua).
1.2. KKM (Aho Matua) is unique in that it is the only complete educational pathway, by Māori for Māori, from preschool to post-compulsory education that can be delivered in the indigenous language of Aotearoa New Zealand, te reo Māori.
1.3. Our curriculum advocates an adherence to mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge), promotes a Māori world view first and serves to rekindle, revive, and revitalise Māori spirituality, belief and holistic well-being. The curriculum focusses on Māori epistemology, ethos and pedagogy.
1.4. KKM (Aho Matua) has not been able to grow to its full potential. Dislocated policy provisions and restrictive regulations continue to primarily support the monocultural,racially biased, Eurocentric education system of New Zealand. Ministry of Education officials constantly try to assert mana Karauna (State authority) over an education system they know little to nothing about.
1.5. KKM (Te Aho Matua) have an indigenous right in accordance with the Treaty of Waitangi and Te Tiriti o Waitangi to have a parallel pathway for development. This indigenous right is in accordance with the partnership and active protection principles of the Treaty and Te Tiriti.
1.6. Protection mechanisms must be put in place to protect the future wellbeing of KKM (Te Aho Matua).
1.7. Recommendations
1.8. That the Tomorrow’s School Review taskforce;
1.8.1. Agrees that protection mechanisms be put in place to protect the future of KKM (in any future school system) by recommending to the Government that;
- a parallel pathway for the ongoing development of KKM (Aho Matua) is appropriate and can be implemented,
- they gazette KKM (Aho Matua, S.155 schools) as a unique school type
- TRN be adequately funded to better fulfil its statutory functions to support and strengthen KKM with built in statutory resourcing provisions,
- Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua be gazetted as the primary curriculum for KKM (Te Aho Matua).
2.1. KKM (Aho Matua) has not been able to grow to its full potential due, in part, to inept, disparate and dislocated policy provisions and restrictive regulations that continue to support the monocultural, racially biased, Eurocentric education system of New Zealand.
2.2. Add to that, Ministry of Education employees constantly trying to assert mana Karauna (State authority) over an education system (kura boards, whānau, principals and teachers) they know little to nothing about, then Māori assertions of ‘casual racism’ of the institution of State that is education get louder and stronger.
2.3. Some specific examples include KKM (Aho Matua);
2.3.1. being reduced to being known only as a “kura” with no special mana or recognition,
2.3.2. working together to develop a curriculum, launch the curriculum with the Minister of Māori Education and then to find that it has no mana,
2.3.3. being told that they can only implement the NZ Curriculum or Te Marautanga o Aotearoa,
2.3.4. Being directed by ignorant Ministry of Education officials to accept the enrolment of any child even if they were not enrolled in a kōhanga reo and or have no fluency in Te Reo Māori,
2.3.5. Not having any significant increase in funding for transport since it was implemented 25 years ago,
2.3.6. Not being permitted to establish themselves as a KKM regional kāhui ako because the director believes that they can only improve their performance if they cluster with other mainstream state schools,
2.3.7. Being provided with School Trustees Association Board of Trustees training only on a regular basis, which is presented in a Pākehā biased point of view,
2.3.8. Having no provision for the training of specialist teachers in Wharekura teaching NCEA,
2.3.9. Having no professional learning development (“PLD”) programmes, other than the Tari Tautoko contract which promotes and encourages the use the Te Aho Matua Curriculum and Te Aho Matua and other KKM Te Aho Matua PLD priorities,
2.3.10. Being frustrated by Unions and NZSTA who are not prepared to use a Māori approach to resolving employment disputes, even though that provision is provided in the collective employment agreements,
2.3.11. Being discriminated against, because the Ministry of Education only consults with “preferred” providers of services who have limited or no knowledge of Te Aho Matua and experience working in a KKM (Aho Matua),
2.3.12. This list can go on and on.
3. Te Rūnanga Nui o Ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa (“TRN”)
3.1. In 1993, TRN was established by whānau of KKM at Kaiwhaiki marae, near Whanganui and in 1995, it became an incorporated society.
3.2. TRN is acknowledged as the Kaitiaki (keepers, protectors, care-takers, guardians) of the kaupapa of KKM and Te Aho Matua as set out in the Education Act 1989. (TeRūnanga Nui o ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa, 1998).
3.3. A Tauākī Kawa (protocol) exists between the Ministry of Education and TRN. Despite meetings, this year, with the Ministry of Education officials by TRNrepresentatives, the Tauākī Kawa has not been renewed.
3.4. Resourcing for TRN can be cut at any time by the Ministry of Education. The Ministry of Education has performed poorly to progress the work programme that was signed, three years and three months ago.
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Te Aho Matua o ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori 
4.1. In 1985, Hoani Waititi Marae established the first KKM.
4.2. The founding staff were; Dr. Pita Sharples (Director and Chairman of Hoani Waititi Marae), and Dr. Kāterina Te Heikōkō Mataira and Ms Te Aroha Paenga (Co-Principals).
4.3. In 1989, a working party was established by proponents of KKM to encourage government to consider KKM as a legitimate schooling choice in Aotearoa-New Zealand.
4.4. The members of that working group were; Dr. Pita Sharples, Cathy Dewes, the late Tuki Nepe, the late Dr. Kāterina Te Heikōkō Mataira, Dr Graham Smith, his wife Linda Smith, Toni Waho, Pem Bird and Rāhera Shortland. These pioneers of KKM wrote the foundation document which was named Te Aho Matua by the kuia of the group Dr. Kāterina Te Heikōkō Mataira.
4.5. The primary purpose for writing Te Aho Matua o ngā KKM was to set the parameters for KKM and to provide a firm philosophical base grounded in Māori knowledge.
4.6. KKM provide a holistic Māori spiritual and cultural educational environment. Māori values and beliefs are essential features. These features are described in Te Aho Matua o ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori (Te Aho Matua).
4.7. Te Aho Matua articulates the fundamental differences of KKM and ordinary state schools.
4.8. Te Aho Matua is a set of guidelines showing how a KKM and its whānau can together advance the learning of every child in their school. (Te Rūnanga Nui o ngā Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa, 1998).
4.9. An important principle in KKM (Aho Matua) is the shared functioning of the group.When responsibility and decision making is shared, power is shared and the cohesion of the group is guaranteed. TRN continues to advocate that the Board of Trustees for KKM include all members of the whānau. (Sharples, me ētahi atu, 1989).
4.10. On 22 February 2008, Te Aho Matua and its English explanation by Dr Kāterina Te Heikōkō Mataira was gazetted by the Minister of Education, Hon. Parekura Horomia. (Horomia, 2008)
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66 Kura Kaupapa Māori 
5.1. There are currently sixty two KKM (Aho Matua), forty four of which have secondary (wharekura) units of students. In addition, there are four new whānau who are yet to be formally established as a KKM (Aho Matua).
5.2. Most KKM (Aho Matua) are from year one to year fourteen.
5.3. Many have established pre-school centres either on the same site or on an adjacent site.
- Curriculum
6.1. The basis of the KKM curriculum is Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua, developed with State assistance. TRN is still waiting for the Minister of Education to gazette the KKM Curriculum.
6.2. Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua continues to be developed as kura continue to share units of learning with TRN and each other. KKM (Aho Matua) is also about ensuring young people take their place in the country and the world as 21st century, global, technology savvy students so learning to read, write, think and talk in (at least) two languages, to add, subtract, multiply and divide (among other things) are equally important – but they are not everything.
6.3. Adhering to Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua is not at the expense of the national curriculum. Curricula, as a body of knowledge, is not simply about subject content but relates also to how people put their teachings and learning in to practice in the myriad situations they may find themselves. Knowledge therefore must be accompanied with judgement, heart, soul and common sense – this is part of theKKM Aho Matua way.
6.4. If there is no state agreement to Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua being gazetted,not simply as a supporting document but as an official curriculum document in its own right, the selected body of knowledge of another culture will remain the only “valid” body of knowledge for Māori.
6.5. The national curriculum, including that translated in to Māori, talks of seven essential learning areas. In the Māori world view there are many more than seven essential learning areas. Not the least which is character building and instilling faith, belief and a commitment to not only building but transforming strong, vibrant, Māoricommunities.
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Quality of KKM Delivery
7.1. The quality of the current KKM provision is evidenced in what is now a decade’s worth of NCEA results from KKM Aho Matua secondary units, Wharekura. While NCEA is not the assessment system of choice, it remains the only national indicator of academic success at present.
7.2. For the past six years at least, twelve of the top fourteen performing Māori medium schools in the country have been KKM Aho Matua.
7.3. In its 2010 interim report on the state of the Māori language, the Waitangi Tribunal said as regrettable as the state of the Māori language was at that point, had it not been for the efforts of the Kōhanga Reo and KKM movements from the mid-1980sto the present, the wellbeing of te reo Māori would have been far worse.
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Community Transformation
8.1. Strong Māori communities can ensure Māori continue to work and grow out of deficit thinking paradigms that stunt development and hinder the realisation of full potential.
8.2. Strong communities also help ensure Māori no longer occupy the larger proportion of all negative social indicators of wellbeing, employment, incarceration, disease, mental illness, homelessness, premature death, suicide and domestic violence –the fruits of colonisation.
8.3. There is strong anecdotal evidence that KKM are contributing significantly topositive community transformation in areas such as Kaeo (Te KKM o Whangaroa), Kaikohe (Te KKM o Kaikohe), Kaitaia(Te KKM o Te Rangi Āniwaniwa), Moerewa (Te KKM o Taumārere), Rotorua (Te KKM o Ruamata), Ruatoria (Te KKM o Te Waiū o Ngāti Porou), Hicks Bay (Te KKM o Kawakawa mai Tawhiti) and many more.
9. Parallel Pathway
9.1. The majority of Māori students remain in the mainstream state system. TRN acknowledges that that system needs to continue to be supported and improved in order to provide better services for Māori learners and their families.
9.2. But that support should not be at the expense of continuing to grow and develop the KKM Aho Matua option as it continues to show its success for Māori learners, year after year. This is the opportunity for parallel development.
9.3. Parallel development of the KKM option will make KKM available to greater numbers of learners – but that growth must continue to be community driven from the ground up.
9.4. This submission advocates a pathway for parallel development of the KKM (Aho Matua) education option that continues to add value to all other education provisions of Aotearoa New Zealand.
9.5. Clear, unambiguous and specific regulations be established to allow KKM (Aho Matua) to flourish and which includes a range of services, advice, guidance and professional development in any future schooling system.
9.6. KKM (Te Aho Matua) have an indigenous right in accordance with the Treaty of Waitangi to have parallel pathway. This indigenous right is in accordance with the partnership and active protection principles of the Treaty of Waitangi, Te Tiriti o Waitangi.
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Recommendations
10.1. That the Tomorrow’s School Review taskforce;
10.1.1. Agrees that protection mechanisms be put in place to protect the future of KKM (in any future school system) by recommending to the Government that;
- a parallel pathway for the ongoing development of KKM Aho Matua (KAM) be implemented,
- they reinstate KKM (Aho Matua) as a S.155 unique schooling type,
- TRN be adequately funded to better fulfil its statutory functions to support and strengthen KKM with built in statutory resourcing provisions
- Te Marautanga o Te Aho Matua be gazetted as the primary curriculum for KKM (Te Aho Matua).